string cend() in C++

cend(): It returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the 

last character in the given string. 

This function is available in the below file

File: basic_string.h

Parameter: No parameters are required for this function.

Syntax:

string ::const_iterator it = str.cend()

For Example:

str = "abc"

str.cend() = > It points to the beyond the last character of the string (i.e beyond c). To print the last character we need to subtract one from this iterator.

Approach

C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    string str = "abc";

    string ::const_iterator it = str.cend();

    cout << *(it - 1) << "\n";

    return 0;
}