Q1. What is Spring Boot and what are its Benefits?
Spring Boot is called a microservice framework that is built on top of the spring framework. This can help developers to focus more on convention rather than configuration.
The main aim of Spring boot is to give you a production-ready application. So, the moment you create a spring-boot project, it is runnable and can be executed/deployed on the server.
It comes with features like autoconfiguration, auto dependency resolution, embedded servers, security, and health checks which enhance the productivity of a developer.
Spring Boot, utilizing the core features of the Spring application framework, offers a faster development technique for RESTful or REST architecture-based web services.
Q2. What is the difference between Spring and Spring Boot?
Difference between Spring and Spring boots are as follows:
Spring –
1. It Is a dependency injection framework.
2. It is basically used to manage the life cycle of java classes (beans). It consists of a lot of boilerplate configurations.
3. Uses XML-based configuration.
4. It takes time to have a spring application up and running and it’s mainly because of boilerplate code.
Spring boot-
1. It is a suite of pre-configured frameworks and technologies which helps to remove the boilerplate configuration.
2. Uses annotations.
3. It is used to create a production-ready code.
Q3. What are the advantages of using Spring Boot?
The advantages of Spring Boot are listed below:
1. Easy to understand and develop spring applications.
2. Comes with Spring Boot starters to ensure dependency management and also provides various security metrics
1. Provides auto-configuration to load a set of default configurations for a quick start of the application
2. Spring Boot is nothing but an existing framework with the addition of an embedded HTTP server and annotation configuration which makes it easier to understand and faster the process of development.
3. Increases productivity and reduces development time.
4. Minimum configuration.
5. We don’t need to write any XML configuration, only a few annotations are required to do the configuration.
6. Create stand-alone Spring applications that can be started using java -jar.
7. Embed Tomcat, Jetty, or Undertow directly. You don't need to deploy WAR files.
8. It provides opinionated 'starter' POMs to simplify your Maven configuration.
9. It automatically configures Spring whenever possible.
10. Spring Boot provides an opinionated view to reduce the developer effort and simplify maven configurations
11. Provides CLI tool to develop and test applications
Q4. What are the features and components of Spring Boot?
1. Spring CLI
2. Starter Dependency
3. Auto-Configuration
4. Spring Initializer
5. Spring Actuator
6 Logging and Security
2. Version Management.
4. Component Scanning.
5. Embedded server.
6. InMemory DB.
7. Actuators
8. Web Development
9. SpringApplication
10. Application events and listeners
11. Admin features
Q5. What makes Spring Boot superior to JAX-RS?
By leveraging Spring Boot features, users can experience significant advantages over JAX-RS, including:
1. Fast deployment
2. High scalability
3. Container compatibility
4. Minimal configuration
5. Lower production time
6. Increased productivity
7. Reduced development time
8. Easy monitoring and management of applications
Q6. What Spring Boot features help develop Microservices Applications
Primarily used for developing microservices-based applications, Spring Boot offers the following key features for configuring, developing, and deploying microservices architecture.
1. Integrates a tool called the Actuator, which enables users to manage and monitor applications.
2. Provides support for embedded servers, such as Jetty and Tomcat.
3. Users can simply run war files, without deploying it.
4. Includes an Auto-Configuration functionality, allowing users to configure Spring applications automatically.
5. Supports HTTP client Feign.
Q7. Why Spring Boot is preferred over any other framework?
The Spring cloud that comes with Spring Boot, includes vast libraries, which is one of the major reasons why most developers prefer Java-based Spring Boot. In addition, Spring Boot offers superior compatibility with Spring frameworks, and it also provides excellent support for docker containerization, heightening performance, and useability.
Some of the most compelling reasons for using Spring Boot include:
1. Provides the best means to configure Java beans.
2. Offers robust batch processing.
3. Helps users effectively manage Representational State Transfer (REST) endpoints.
4. Integrates an auto-configuration tool, eliminating the need for manual configuration.
5. Enables annotation-based configurations.
6. Ease of dependency management.
7. Includes embedded servlet containers
Q8. What are the key dependencies of Spring Boot?
Mentioned below are important Spring Boot dependencies that need to be added to a Gradle-based or Maven-based application, to ensure application compatibility with Spring Boot features.
1. spring-boot-starter-parent
2. spring-boot-maven-plugin
3. spring-boot-starter-test
4. spring-boot-starter-security
5. spring-boot-starter-actuator
6. Spring-boot-starter-web
Q9. How does Spring Boot work?
Spring Boot automatically configures your application based on the dependencies you have added to the project by using annotation. The entry point of the spring boot application is the class that contains the @SpringBootApplication annotation and the main method. Spring Boot automatically scans all the components included in the project by using the @ComponentScan annotation.
Q10. How to create a war file in spring boot?
To create a war file in spring boot you need to define your packaging file as the war in your pom.xml(if it is a maven project). Then just do maven clean and install so that your application will start building. Once the build is successful, just go into your Target folder and you can see the .war file generated for your application.
Q11. How does the @SpringBootApplication annotation internally work?
The @SpringBootApplication annotation is equivalent to using @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan with their default attributes. Spring Boot enables the developer to use a single annotation instead of using multiple. But, as we know, Spring provided loosely coupled features that we can use for each annotation as per our project needs.
Q12. What is the purpose of using @ComponentScan in the class files?
Spring Boot application scans all the beans and package declarations when the application initializes. You need to add the @ComponentScan annotation for your class file to scan the components added to your project.
Q13. How does a spring boot application get started?
Spring Boot application must have a main method. This method serves as an entry point, which invokes the SpringApplication#run method to bootstrap the application.
Example
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class MyApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(MyApplication.class);}}
Q14 What is the Spring Boot available for starters?
Spring Boot starters are a set of convenient dependency management providers that can be used in the application to enable dependencies. These starters, make development easy and rapid. All the available starters come under the org.springframework.boot group.
Few of the popular starters are as follows:
1. spring-boot-starter: – This is the core starter and includes logging, auto-configuration support, and YAML.
2. spring-boot-starter-jdbc – This starter is used for the HikariCP connection pool with JDBC
3. spring-boot-starter-web – Is the starter for building web applications, including RESTful, applications using Spring MVC
4. spring-boot-starter-data-jpa – Is the starter to use Spring Data JPA with Hibernate
5. spring-boot-starter-security – Is the starter used for Spring Security
6. spring-boot-starter-aop: This starter is used for aspect-oriented programming with AspectJ and Spring AOP.
7. spring-boot-starter-test: This is the starter for testing Spring Boot applications.
Q15. What are starter dependencies?
Spring boot starter is a maven template that contains a collection of all the relevant transitive dependencies that are needed to start a particular functionality. Like we need to import spring-boot-starter-web dependency for creating a web application.
<dependency><groupId> org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId> spring-boot-starter-web </artifactId></dependency>
Q16. What is Spring Initializer?
Spring Initializer is a web application that helps you to create an initial spring boot project structure and provides a maven or Gradle file to build your code. It solves the problem of setting up a framework when you are starting a project from scratch.
Q17. What is Spring Boot CLI and what are its benefits?
Spring Boot CLI is a command-line interface that allows you to create a spring-based java application using Groovy.
Example: You don’t need to create a getter and setter method or access modifier, return statement. If you use the JDBC template, it automatically loads for you.
Q18. What are the most common Spring Boot CLI commands?
spring -run, spting -test, spring -grap, spring -jar, spring -war, spring -install, spring -uninstall, spring --init, spring -shell, spring -help.
Q19. What Are the Main Annotations that Spring Boot Offers?
The primary annotations that Spring Boot offers reside in its org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure and its sub-packages.
Here are a couple of basic ones:
@EnableAutoConfiguration – to make Spring Boot look for auto-configuration beans on its classpath and automatically apply them.
@SpringBootApplication – used to denote the main class of a Boot Application. This annotation combines @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan annotations with their default attributes.
Q20. What is Spring Boot dependency management?
Spring Boot dependency management is used to manage dependencies and configuration automatically without you specifying the version for any of that dependencies.
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